This document is organized into five main chapters. Chapter 1, which corresponds to the Introduction, establishes the need for a rural development strategy in the context of Mozambique's growth and development, both now and in terms of its prospects for possible and desirable developments for the coming decades. Chapter 2 provides a brief overview of the current situation and future challenges in rural areas, highlighting the following facts: 1) By 2025, Mozambique will have more inhabitants; 2) The strong rural exodus is partly associated with urbanization and migration, but also denounces weaknesses in the rural economy; 3) One-third of the peasants are under 19 years of age; 5) Low productivity and rural agricultural production are worrisome; 6) The current national economic growth is based on a strong dependence on the urban economy and foreign aid; 7) Human development has improved and poverty is declining but remain very differentiated and unequal in social and regional terms. Chapter 2 ends with a summary of strengths and weaknesses, threats and opportunities in rural areas, as well as the determinants of changing the pattern of rural development. The Government is convinced that long-term sustainable rural development can only be achieved and made possible through substantial changes in the pattern of accumulation in the national economy in favour of an effective and efficient involvement of the rural economy. Here lies the essence and indeed the excellent opportunity for a rural development strategy. In EDR, the concept of competitiveness assumes a predominantly macroeconomic meaning, being understood as the individual and collective capacity to produce goods and services in a competitive environment, regional and international, with the aim of improving the well-being and quality of life of citizens. Chapter 4 addresses the financial implications of the vision, with a focus on the public and private investment dimension. Based on the projections that can be anticipated, the EDR shows that, by 2025, Mozambique's gross domestic product grows. The explanation for this significant variation lies precisely in the degree of success that can be achieved in the transformation of the rural economy and in its contribution to the creation of national wealth. Chapter 5 addresses aspects of implementation, monitoring, evaluation and the steps for implementing the RDE. It also outlines regional comparative advantages, presents a portfolio of indicative rural anchor projects, and specifies the role of public and private entities, civil society and international cooperation partners. It is necessary to consolidate the multifunctional character of agro-forestry, mining and other rural economic activities, ensuring that they are affirmed with economic rationality, in multiple dimensions: economic (producer of market goods); environmental (manager of resources and territories in a productive way); social (integrating social and profitable activities); cultural (generating creative and entrepreneurial capacities). The way to materialize the vision of the EDR depends on the type and nature of the ambitious changes for the rural environment which are identified in the next two decades. The Vision is embodied in five strategic objectives that define the type of pro-rural change in the pattern of national accumulation, namely: 1) Increasing competitiveness, productivity and accumulation of rural wealth; 2) Productive and sustainable management of natural resources and the environment; 3) Expansion of human capital, innovation and technology; 4) Diversification and efficiency of social, infrastructure and institutional capital; 5) Good governance and planning for the market.
موزامبيق · 2007-09-11