This Enhanced Actions on Climate Change: China’ s Intended Nationally Determined Contributions is a cross-sectoral policy document at national level. It was developed in accordance with relevant decisions of the Conference of the Parties to the the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, to present the China's utmost efforts in addressing climate change, towards achieving the objective set out in Article 2 of the Convention. The objectives of China's nationally determined actions by 2030 are proposed as: To achieve the peaking of carbon dioxide emissions around 2030 and making best efforts to peak early; To lower carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 60% to 65% from the 2005 level; To increase the share of non-fossil fuels in primary energy consumption to around 20%; and To increase the forest stock volume by around 4.5 billion cubic meters on the 2005 level. Moreover, China will continue to proactively adapt to climate change by enhancing mechanisms and capacities to effectively defend against climate change risks in key areas such as agriculture, forestry and water resources, as well as in cities, coastal and ecologically vulnerable areas and to progressively strengthen early warning and emergency response systems and disaster prevention and reduction mechanisms (Page 4). To achieve the nationally determined action objectives on climate change by 2030, the Document proposes a series of policies and measures, including policies to promotes increased agricultural production in an environmentally sustainable manner. The Document requests: to improve regional strategies on climate change, and actively push forward the appropriate scale production and industrialization of agriculture in Major Agricultural Production Zones; To promote the low-carbon development in agriculture, making efforts to achieve zero growth of fertilizer and pesticide utilization by 2020; To control methane emissions from rice fields and nitrous oxide emissions from farmland; To construct a recyclable agriculture system, promoting comprehensive utilization of straw, reutilization of agricultural and forestry wastes and comprehensive utilization of animal waste; To vigorously enhance afforestation, promoting voluntary tree planting by all citizens, continuing the implementation of key ecological programs, including protecting natural forests, restoring forest and grassland from farmland, conducting sandification control for areas in vicinity of Beijing and Tianjin, planting shelter belt, controlling rocky desertification, conserving water and soil, strengthening forest tending and management and increasing the forest carbon sink; To strengthen forest disaster prevention and forest resource protection and to reduce deforestation-related emissions; To strengthen the protection and restoration of wetlands and to increase carbon storage capacity of wetlands; and To continue to restore grassland from grazing land, to promote mechanism of maintaining the balance between grass stock and livestock, to prevent grassland degradation, to restore vegetation of grassland, to enhance grassland 11 disaster prevention and farmland protection and to improve carbon storage of soil; etc. The Document also promotes more inclusive and efficient agricultural systems through enhancing support in terms of science and technology, including: To conduct R&D on early warning systems for extreme weather; To develop technologies on biological nitrogen fixation, green pest and disease prevention and control and protected agriculture; To research on and establish carbon emission accreditation and low-carbon honor system, to carry out low-carbon certification pilots and promotion of selected products; promote carbon emission trading market; improve statistical and accounting system for GHG emissions; etc. The Document further seeks to enhance overall climate resilience. The policies and measures which are proposed include: To improve the construction of water conservation facilities for farmlands, to vigorously develop water-saving agricultural irrigation and to cultivate heat resistant and drought-resistant crops; To enhance resistance to marine disasters and management of coastal zones and to improve the resilience of coastal areas against climatic disasters; To track, monitor and assess the impact of climate change on biodiversity; To strengthen the construction of forestry infrastructure; To strengthen comprehensive assessment and risk management of climate change and to improve the national monitoring, early warning and communication system on climate change; To improve the emergency response mechanism for extreme weather and climatic events; and To strengthen the development of disaster reduction and relief management system. China will establish the Fund for South-South Cooperation on Climate Change, providing assistance and support to other developing countries including the small island developing countries, the least developed countries and African countries to address climate change.
الصين · 2015-06-30