This Ecophyto Plan II is a nationwide sectoral document, developed under application of the European Directive on the sustainable use of pesticides (2009/128), that reviews the Ecophyto Plan I of 2008, and aims to continue the path taken with Plan I by keeping on reducing the use of plant protection products and the risks and impacts relating to that use, while continuing to ensure high-quality and high-yield production and good economic and technical performance. The overall goal of the new version of the plan is a renewal of the 50% reduction in the use of plant protection products under a two-phase timeframe (i) the first phase aims for a 25% reduction by 2020 through mainstreaming and optimising currently available techniques; and (ii) the second phase aims for a 50% reduction by 2025. Ecophyto II also aims at (i) supporting local authorities and other public stakeholders, as well as amateur gardeners, in applying the use restrictions prescribed by law; (ii) promoting the development of collective dynamics and sectors and supporting professional investment in high-performance agricultural equipment; and (iii) aligning all public policies that, whether directly or indirectly, serve as drivers in fulfilling the objective to reduce the dependence of production systems on plant protection products. To achieve the goals, the Plan set out a series of Strategic Objectives, among others (i) encourage farms to adopt drivers that promote the reduced use of plant protection products, from seed quality to crop diversification to alternative weeding techniques; (ii) expand Dephy Farms alligned with economic and environmental interest groups and organic farming; (iii) support trials; (iv) increase the number of farmers who are supported in the transition to Low-PPP agro-ecology ten-fold; (v) improve the crop health report; (vi) build on initial training and vocational training for active farmers; (vii) promote a multi-disciplinary approach and cooperation between all parties; (viii) establish a plant pharmacovigilance mechanism; and (ix) take concrete steps to reduce the risks connected to the use of plant protection products, i.e. risk assessment, substitution of products containing substances of concern to health, a safer work equipment. To make agriculture more productive and sustainable, the Plan proposes to (i) improve incentives to use highperformance agro-equipment and alternative solutions such as bio-control; (ii) review the Certiphyto to secure and reduce the use, risks and impacts of plant protection products; (iii) promote and develop bio-controls; (iv) support the implementation of different principles for integrated pest management (prevention, growing practices, identification of bio-pests and beneficial organisms), the use of bio-control products, the management of spraying equipment and treatment optimisation etc.; and (v) improve crop healts reports that offer objective, reliable and regular information on crop health, making it possible to target treatments more effectively. Rural poverty can be reduced through inviting all development bodies, and particularly Chambers of Agriculture and national bodies for agricultural and rural areas (ONVAR) and agricultural distribution to support the 30 000 farms that will undertake to move to agro-ecology. In order to enable more inclusive and efficient agricultural and food systems, suggested interventions are (i) provide support for trials of alternatives to the use of plant protection products; (ii) support collective projects around reducing teh use, risks and impacts of PPPs at territorial level; (iii) develop communications campaign aiming to gain farmers' support, promote farmers' involvement, inform consumers so that they can reconnect with farmers and all stakeholders, respond to questions from the public and boost their confidence in producers, raise awareness among farmers of consumers' expectations, As for the Governance, Ecophyto II will be co-governed by the Ministers for Agriculture and for the Environment. It envisages a more fluid and streamlined governance structure at all levels to process financial files more effectively while also allowing more space, at strategic level, for discussion around broad guidelines, with the involvement of all stakeholders. This governance will be streamlined and will involve all stakeholders.
فرنسا · 2015-10-20