Labour Law establishes the legal framework governing employment relationships and defines core principles such as equal treatment, non-discrimination, and freedom of association. It applies to all employers and employees, ensuring that contractual terms cannot place workers in a worse position than the law provides. The Law obliges employers to guarantee fair, safe, and healthy working conditions and introduces protections against discrimination, including requirements to provide reasonable accommodations for employees with disabilities. The Lw regulates the formation and content of employment contracts, including distinctions between fixed-term and indefinite agreements and mandatory elements such as working hours, pay, and duties. It sets rules on recruitment practices, prohibits discriminatory hiring, and includes safeguards for minors and foreign workers. Detailed provisions govern working time, overtime, rest periods, and various forms of leave, including annual, parental, and special leave. It also ensures equal pay for equal work and establishes mechanisms for dispute resolution, including access to courts and defined limitation periods for claims. Special attention is paid to gender equality, in particular: (a) pregnant employees - a pregnant or breastfeeding employee may be sent on business travel only with written consent; (b) dismissal is prohibited during pregnancy, post natal period, and breastfeeding (with limited legal exceptions); and (c) rights include maternity leave, paternity leave, and parental leave protections. Termination of employment is strictly regulated, requiring justified grounds, notice periods, and, where applicable, severance compensation based on length of service. The Law provides enhanced protections for vulnerable groups such as pregnant employees, parents, minors, and trade union members. It also addresses collective labour relations, employee representation, and business transfers, and sets out employer liability and penalties for violations. Overall, the Labour Law aligns with EU standards to ensure transparent, fair, and predictable employment conditions.
لاتفيا · 2001-07-06