The Singapore Pandemic Preparedness and Response Framework establishes an integrated, disease-agnostic framework for pandemic preparedness and response in Singapore. The framework is intended to guide policies and preparedness activities across sectors and provides a reference for government agencies, healthcare institutions, private sector entities, community partners, researchers, and the public. It is structured around two overall outcomes, namely saving lives and protecting livelihoods, and seeks to support coordinated public health responses to known and novel infectious disease threats. The framework sets out key considerations for public health decision-making, including epidemiological factors, contextual factors, scientific and implementation factors, and impact factors. It identifies five categories of response measures: detection, surveillance and sense-making; Point of Entry (PoE) measures; healthcare provision; medical countermeasures; and population-based measures. Detection and surveillance measures include horizon scanning, integrated infectious disease surveillance, epidemiological investigations, risk assessment, mathematical modelling, and forward planning. Surveillance activities incorporate a One Health approach through the monitoring of humans, animals, food, water, wastewater, vectors, and environmental factors. The framework describes PoE measures aimed at reducing the risk of disease importation, including traveller advisories, vaccination-related requirements, travel volume reduction, testing, health declarations, risk-based segregation, quarantine, and sector-specific arrangements for the movement of workers, animals, and food. It also outlines healthcare measures to ensure access to primary care, strengthen health system resilience, prioritise and restructure care, and implement infection prevention and control measures. Medical countermeasures addressed in the framework include personal protective equipment, vaccines, diagnostics, therapeutics, research and development, regulatory pathways, supply chain management, and deployment arrangements. The framework further provides for population-based measures, including personal protection measures, hygiene and sanitation practices, physical distancing measures, isolation, contact tracing, quarantine, vaccination-differentiated measures, screening measures, service restrictions, lockdowns, and sector-specific interventions. One Health control measures cover animal control, food control, water and wastewater control, and vector control. The framework identifies a range of enabling factors supporting implementation, including Whole-of-Government coordination, legislation, communications, international cooperation, research and development, knowledge management, fiscal policies, technology, resource mobilisation, and environmental and social planning. The framework was developed by the Communicable Diseases Agency (CDA) under the Ministry of Health with contributions from government agencies and public health experts.
سنغافورة · 2025-01-01