This Law regulates the principles of environmental protection and sustainable development, instruments and measures for the protection of life and environment and sets the essential issues as regards the environment in general. Under the terms of this Law, environment is the physical space and air, land, water and sea, flora and fauna, including the climate factors, ionizing and non-ionizing radiations, noise and vibrations, as well as the environment created by man (constructions, cities and other settlements, cultural and historical heritage, infrastructural, industrial and other facilities). This text is divided into 15 chapters as follows: Basic provisions (I); Subjects of environmental protection (II); Segments of environment (III); Protection from environmental impact (IV); Sustainable development and environmental protection documents (V); Environmental protection instruments (VI); Special measures for environmental protection (VII); Environmental monitoring (VIII); Environmental reporting (IX); Information system of environmental protection (X); Public information, public participation and interest, and right for legal assistance in environmental protection issues (XI); Financing (XII); Supervision (XIII); Penalty provisions (XIV); Transitional and final provisions (XV). The main issue of this Law is the integrated environmental management and protection system that ensures complete environmental quality preservation, conservation of biological and location diversity, the rational use of natural resources and energy, with the aim of sustainable development (also the principle deriving form the same, the principle of integrated environmental management). The National Eco-Fund is also established (maximum two years after the entry into force of this Law, see the provisions of article 92). The environmental protection activities are carried out in order to: protect the human life and health; protect all plants and animal life, biological and landscape diversity and to preserve the ecological sustainability; protect and improve the quality of certain environmental segments; protect the ozone layer and mitigate the effects of climate change; protect and restore the cultural and aesthetic values of the landscape; prevent and reduce the possible environmental pollution; offer a sustainable use of natural resources; encourage the use of renewable energy sources; remove the consequences of environmental pollution; improve the disturbed natural balance and regain its regenerative capacities; achieve the status of sustainable production and consumption; reduce the use of chemicals that can transfer their dangerous and harmful characteristics to the environment and human health; offer the effective sustainable use of natural resources, without causing any major damage to the environmental. This text further sets the provisions of prevention, control, reduction and rehabilitation of all forms of environmental pollution (coordinated decisions and measures of environmental protection, with the aim of avoiding and reducing all sorts of environmental risks, improving and delivering effective environmental protection effects and goals).
Montenegro · 2016-07-28