Indonesia’s Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) outlines the country’s transition to a low carbon and climate resilience future. The NDC describes the enhanced actions and the necessary enabling environment during the 2015-2019 period that will lay the foundation for more ambitious goals beyond 2020, contributing to the concerted effort to prevent 2°C increase in global average temperature and to pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels. For 2020 and beyond, Indonesia envisions achieving archipelagic climate resilience as a result of comprehensive adaptation and mitigation programmes and disaster risk reduction strategies. Indonesia has set ambitious goals for sustainability related to production and consumption of food, water, and energy. These goals will be achieved by supporting empowerment and capacity building, improved provision of basic services in health and education, technological innovation, and sustainable natural resource management, in compliance with principles of good governance (pag. 2). Indonesia’s pathway toward low carbon and climate resilience must be developed by building a strong foundation based on the following enabling conditions: Certainty in spatial planning and land use; Land tenure security; Food security; Water security; Renewable energy (pag. 12). The preparation of the NDC has taken into account the Post-2015 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) particularly on taking urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts, promoting food security and sustainable agriculture, achieving gender equality, ensuring the availability and sustainable management of water, access to affordable, reliable, and renewable energy for all, sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, resilient infrastructure, sustainable consumption and production patterns, conservation and sustainable use of the oceans, seas and marine resources, and protecting, restoring and promoting sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably managing forests, combating desertification, and halting and reversing land degradation and biodiversity loss (pags. 6 and 7). Climate change impacts the day-to-day lives of all Indonesians, but most severely Indonesia’s most vulnerable populations. Climate change-induced natural disasters will impact a greater number of people living below the poverty line, preventing asset accumulation. Rising food, water and energy prices, which often follow drought, floods, and other disasters, will drive the poor further into poverty. Socio-economic disparity will potentially contribute to political instability in regions most affected by climate change. To prevent further disparity, Indonesia plans to build social resilience through the following actions: Enhancement of adaptive capacity by developing early warning systems, broad-based public awareness campaigns, and public health programmes; Development of community capacity and participation in local planning processes, to secure access to key natural resources; Ramping up disaster preparedness programmes for natural disaster risk reduction; Identification of highly vulnerable areas in local spatial and land use planning efforts; Improvement of human settlements, provision of basic services, and climate resilient infrastructure development; Conflict prevention and resolution (pags. 12 and 13).
Indonesia · 2016-11-01