The purpose of the Brazilian Federal Government’s National Adaptation Plan (NAP) is to guide initiatives for management and reduction of long-term climate risks, as established in Ministry of Environment (MMA) Order No. 150 of 10 May 2016. The Plan was drawn up by the Executive Group of the Inter-ministerial Committee on Climate Change (GEx-CIM) between 2013 and 2016, as provided for in the National Policy for Climate Change (PNMC - Law 12.187/09) and its enabling decree (Decree 7.390/10). The NAP was drawn up in line with the National Plan for Climate Change, with sectoral mitigation and adaptation plans, and with decisions on adaptation undertaken by Brazil within the framework of the Conference of the Parties (COP) on Climate Change (pag. 6). The general objective of this Plan is to promote reduction and management of climate-risk considering the effects of climate change, by taking full advantage of emerging opportunities, avoiding losses and damages, and building instruments to prepare natural, human, productive and infrastructure systems to adapt to climate change (pag. 18). Effective adaptation implies that the strategy to be deployed must integrate appropriate climate-change risk management into current public-sector and thematic planning, policy making, and national development strategies. The aim is to influence public-policy instruments and/ or governmental programmes, by providing cross-cutting guidelines and instruments foreseen in the National Policy on Climate Change and in this Plan, with a view to broadening the coherence of adaptation strategies among public policies. The vision underlying this Plan, for the next four-year horizon, is that all government-policy sectors considered vulnerable to impacts of climate change must have climate-risk management strategies in place. The Plan aims to ensure satisfactory and coordinated deployment of sectoral and thematic risk-management strategies, especially in the fields of food and nutritional security and of water and electric power, taking into account synergies and the cross-cutting nature of these themes throughout different sectors of the economy. Adaptation measures must likewise be aligned to stimulus for the productive sector, while ensuring fairness of the transition for society, in line with national goals for socioeconomic development and reduction of regional inequalities, through the coordination of public policies at the federal, state and municipal levels (pag. 18). This Strategy was developed within the scope of the Water Network (Rede Água) which comprises a group of experts and researchers of various research institutions under leadership of the National Water Agency (ANA) and with the support of the Secretariat for Water Resources and Urban Environment (SRHU/MMA), the Secretariat for Climate Change and Environmental Quality (SMCQ/MMA), and the Centre for Management and Strategic Studies in Science (CGGE) (pag. 143). To achieve national development, food security, adaptation and attenuation of climate change, as well as its commercial goals over coming decades, Brazil must significantly increase food and grazing-crop yields while efficiently managing inputs and natural resources. Production increases must be achieved through improvements in sustainable production methods and higher yields while, at the same time, reducing deforestation, restoring millions of hectares of degraded pastureland and adapting to climate change (pag. 21). Guideline 2: Reduction of poverty and vulnerability of rural social groups, by strengthening inclusive rural production policies establishes three public-policy focuses for attainment of this guideline: establishment of seed banks in the semiarid region; the Development Programmes "Programa Fomento", and "Programa Bolsa Verde" (pag. 198).
Brazil · 2016-05-10