This Law establishes the legal baseline for the production, transmission, distribution, and supply of electrical energy. It defines the roles of market participants, regulatory bodies, and system operators to ensure a secure, reliable, and continuous supply of energy across the domestic market. The Law mandates the separation of competitive market activities from natural monopolies. Electricity generation and supply operate within a competitive, deregulated environment, allowing final consumers the right to select their electricity provider. Conversely, network infrastructure is managed by dedicated entities: the Transmission System Operator handles high-voltage network stability and international interconnections, while the Distribution System Operator manages low and medium-voltage delivery to end-users. Environmental management and sustainable practices are incorporated directly into grid operations. The Law requires network operators to grant priority dispatch to electricity generated from renewable energy sources, provided system safety is maintained. It also introduces electronic certificates of origin to verify the use of renewable energy and obligates suppliers to disclose their overall fuel mix alongside the associated carbon dioxide emissions to consumers. Public service obligations are established to protect consumers and guarantee market stability. The Law introduces a universal service supplier to protect household and small business consumers who do not engage in the open market. Additionally, it defines protections for vulnerable customers experiencing financial hardship and creates a supplier of last resort mechanism to prevent service interruptions if a licensed provider fails. Enforcement mechanisms and financial penalties ensure compliance with market rules and technical standards. The Energy Regulatory Office maintains oversight over these functions, serving as the primary monitoring and dispute-resolution authority.
Kosovo (UNSCR 1244) · 2016-06-16