This Agricultural Science and Technology Development 12th Five-Year Plan is a sectoral policy document at the national level for the period of 2011-2015. The goals for the Plan are: to improve independent innovation ability and obtain some globally competitive technologies; to form better agricultural technology innovation system; to build efficient technology expert team; to increase technology’s contribution to agricultural development and achieve the goal of 55% or above contribution rate; to increase the productivity of labor, land and other resources; to promote the development of agriculture and rural area. The overall strategy of the plan include: the primary task is to ensure national food security; the core strategy is to enhance self-dependent innovation; the target is to lead industry development; the fundamental requirement is to improve living standard of rural residents. One of the major strategy area is: Sufficient food and other agricultural product supplies. To ensure sufficient supplies, future research should focus on: technologies for high grain yield; animal disease prevention and control; marine resource exploitation; freshwater resource utilization. Two major projects are to be initiated: food security related technology and marine agriculture technology development. The Plan promotes increased agricultural production in an environmentally sustainable manner. It requests to use agricultural resources and protect environment to the optimum level: increase water efficiency of irrigation; increase fertilizer utilization rate; decrease the damage due to diseases; recycle agricultural and forestry waste; enhance the ability to prevent and control natural disaster. To meet the requirements of resource-saving and environment-friendly development, the Plan sets up three major research areas: agriculture and forestry related ecological environment protection, major disaster prevention and control and adaption to climate change. The Plan calls to intensify research related to urbanization and new countryside construction: try to ensure that 60% of villages have systematic development plan; increase the coverage of waste and sewage treatment; improve rural living environment. To meet the requirements of industry upgrade and to ensure food safety and quality, three major areas should be focused on: food and other agricultural product processing, storage and logistics management; product safety and quality. The Plan further asks to achieve breakthroughs in emerging technical fields: create new biological products, fertilizers, machinery equipment, food and bioenergy; make breakthrough in some key techniques; enhance enterprises’ innovation ability and lead the development of emerging industries; increase the percentage of processed agricultural products to 50%; further promote agricultural mechanization and informatization. Breeding of new plant and animal varieties, and prevention and control of significant animal diseases and plant pests and diseases are included in the main research directions. Research on climate change and disaster prevention and reduction is included in the key tasks of the Plan. The main directions are: research and development of agricultural greenhouse gas emission and carbon sequestration monitoring and evaluation methods; the biological mechanism of the main crops under the background of climate change and the changes of main animal diseases, crop diseases and pests and the response measures; the influence of climate change on grassland and agro ecological environment; natural disaster zoning, risk assessment and management.
Chine · 2011-12-30