Blue Economy Development Framework for Indonesia’s Economic Transformation provides a solid basis for a better policy formulation and effective blue economy implementation in Indonesia, explaining the opportunities of a diverse range of marine and coastal-based economic activities, while promoting long-term development, research, and innovative advances in the blue economy, identifying implementation challenges and exploiting and managing Indonesia's vast ocean resources and marine-based economic activities for the welfare of all levels of society. The formulation of this Framework moves from the consideration that unsustainable practices of ocean economy have resulted in environmental challenges and marine degradation, with inevitable impacts on coastal livelihood and the economy. The Framework is divided into five chapters and follows this structure: 1) Introduction; 2) Development context, including: covid-19 crisis and economic challenge for the country; transformation of Indonesia for inclusive and sustainable development; the urgency of Blue Economy development for Indonesia’s economic transformation; Blue Economy for local economic development and for sustainable development goals; 3) Sustainable Blue Economy Framework for Indonesia, including: core mission; concept and scope; Blue Economy sectors and emerging sectors; current development of Blue Economy; enabling ecosystem for Indonesia; 4) Economic analysis of Blue Economy potentials, including: traditional sectors; emerging sectors; environment and resource management; 5) Sustainable Blue Economy milestones. The sustainable ocean economy emphasises the sustainable use and conservation of natural resources in the world’s oceans, seas and coastal areas for sustainable development, in line with the 2030 Agenda for sustainable development, including ocean-based and coastal economic activities that explicitly integrate sustainability and specific actions to reduce marine pollution and enhance ocean health, to conserve marine and coastal ecosystems, to increase resilience and climate action. This approach will provide more added-value and local job creation, through foreign investment in the marine-based industry to increase participation in global value chain, and higher added-value of marine-based products. Fisheries industry may also profit from this approach, as its demand is increasing due to population expansion, while at the same time people, particularly in coastal areas, need to improve their livelihood. On the other hand, the development of Blue Economy in Indonesia still face some challenges related to water pollution brought through rivers (due to terrestrial based activities), ocean waste, endangerment of ocean fauna, and environmental degradation. The Blue Economy Development Framework focuses on the following relevant sectors: capture fisheries and seafood processing; shipping and ports; marine manufacturing; offshore oil and gas (shallow water); marine business activities and tourism; marine aquaculture; ocean renewable energy; deep water and ultra-deep water oil and gas; marine and seabed mining; marine biotechnology. The development of these sectors, however, requires better enabling environment that incentivises new investment in the sectors. Therefore, the framework of blue economy development also suggest for Indonesia to utilise the ocean resources to develop renewable energy, bio-economy and biotechnology, research, and education. The recently expanding ocean research and innovation needs also to be sustained with sufficient funding and support for improving conservatory practices, economic productivity and eradication of Illegal Unreported and Unregulated fishing (IUU) and for an increased fisheries resources sustainability. Improvement in education and training system is also outmost important for providing skilled talents. With the rapid technology cycle in the blue economy, businesses are also required to keep up with changing market demands and dynamics. All areas covered in this document are also expected to provide references for better recovery post COVID-19 pandemic, a model for building economic resilience and advancing economic transformation.
Indonésie · 2021-01-01