The document is an extensive collection of sectoral regulations issued by the Ministry of Agriculture and the National Academy of Sciences, establishing unified technological requirements for producing silage, corn based feeds, haylage, and hay. It defines optimal harvest phases for various crops, moisture thresholds, cutting heights, particle sizes, and the biochemical rationale behind these standards. Across all feed types—silage, corn cob mix, high moisture crimped corn, haylage, and hay—the regulations emphasize maximizing nutrient preservation, controlling dry matter content, and ensuring proper fermentation conditions. The document also provides detailed tables of chemical composition, quality classes, and energy/nutritional values for each type of conserved forage. A major focus is placed on technology and process control: requirements for harvesting machinery (including corn crackers and conditioners), rules for wilting and conditioning of grasses, proper layering and compaction in storage structures, and strict moisture and temperature monitoring. Storage guidelines apply to concrete trench silos and polymer bags, with precise specifications for plastic film thickness, sealing methods, and oxygen exclusion. The regulations outline the use of biological and chemical preservatives, including criteria for when each type is required and precise application procedures. They also describe correct feed out practices, stressing daily vertical removal to prevent spoilage and mandatory immediate feeding once the material is exposed. Finally, the document sets a comprehensive framework for quality assessment, including sampling requirements, classification standards (according to the national STB norms), and safety criteria. It describes acceptable ranges for dry matter, protein, fiber fractions, energy content, pH, and fermentation acids for each product type. Additional sections provide norms for animal rations, formulas for calculating storage capacity, and appendices with typical nutrient values and conversion tables. The final chapters cover haymaking specifics, including drying techniques, bale density standards, storage requirements, and fire safety regulations for hay storage sites.
Bélarus · 2025-01-01