The Program sets out the national framework for air quality management for the period 2020-2030, with the objective of achieving compliance with European Union air quality standards and national emission reduction commitments. It outlines the legal and policy context, including relevant legislation, strategic plans, and sectoral policies in areas such as energy, transport, agriculture, industry, and residential heating. The document identifies key sources of air pollution, notably household solid fuel combustion, agriculture, and transport, and describes existing regulatory measures, technical requirements, and financial instruments aimed at reducing emissions. It provides an assessment of progress in the implementation of existing policies and measures, including trends in emissions of major pollutants such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs), ammonia (NH3), sulphur dioxide (SO2), and particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10). The analysis indicates that most pollutants meet current reduction commitments, with the exception of ammonia, while further reductions are required to meet 2030 targets. The document also reviews improvements in air quality, including reductions in exceedances of particulate matter limit values, while noting continued challenges with daily PM10 concentrations and the influence of both domestic and transboundary emissions. The Policy presents projections of future emissions under scenarios with existing measures and with additional measures, highlighting uncertainties related to data availability and assumptions. It identifies a set of additional cross-sectoral and sector-specific policies and measures, particularly in agriculture, residential heating, and the use of solvents, aimed at ensuring compliance with future emission reduction obligations. These measures include improvements in monitoring and data collection, enhanced implementation of existing schemes, and targeted interventions to reduce emissions of ammonia and NMVOCs. The document defines institutional arrangements, including responsibilities of national, regional and local authorities, and proposes mechanisms for coordination, monitoring, and reporting, such as the establishment of an inter-ministerial body and annual progress reporting. It sets out implementation priorities, including effective enforcement of measures, improved data systems, stakeholder engagement, and continued use of financial support mechanisms.
Болгария · 2025-07-02