This Code makes provision with respect to the Republic of Slovenia’s maritime sovereignty, jurisdiction and supervision in respect of the safety of navigation in territorial seas and internal waters, protection of the sea from pollution from vessels. It also concerns the legal rules in seaports, property law, contractual and other obligational relations pertaining to vessels, the registration of vessels, the limitation of a shipowner’s liability, the general average, writs of execution and insurance on vessels, and the conflict of laws regarding maritime matters. The Code defines internal waters, the territorial sea and sovereign rights and jurisdiction in the territorial waters. It also regulates passage of foreign ships in those waters. The Republic of Slovenia shall ensure the protection of the coastal areas and the sea from pollution, provide for conservation, and promote improvements to the marine environment. Foreign fishing boats may only enter internal waters of Slovenia on the basis of a permit issued by the minister responsible for fishing. In the register of ships of Slovenia there shall be a section on fishing ships. Various provisions of this Code concern protection of the marine environment. Ships shall be equipped in accordance with this Code. Ships must have the following documents and books relating to environmental protection. Furthermore, the Code outlines the administrative framework for vessel registration, safety inspections, and crew qualification standards. It establishes the detailed conditions under which ships may fly the flag of the Republic of Slovenia, setting clear mandates for technical seaworthiness and mandatory safety equipment. It also codifies labor relations and certification requirements for seafarers, ensuring that vessel operations conform to international labor and safety standards. Port operations are similarly regulated to ensure orderly maritime traffic, efficient cargo handling, and the safe berthing of foreign and domestic craft. In the realm of private and commercial law, the Code provides a comprehensive statutory foundation for maritime contracts, property rights, and financial liabilities. It details the legal principles governing contracts of carriage for passengers and goods, bareboat charters, towage, and pilotage services. Additionally, it regulates property interests in ships, including maritime liens, mortgages, and rights of arrest or execution against vessels. Standardized rules regarding the limitation of shipowners' liability and general average are defined to provide commercial predictability and minimize risk for operators within Slovenian jurisdiction. Finally, the Code establishes a distinct legal framework for addressing maritime casualties, salvage operations, and jurisdictional disputes. It sets out the responsibilities of shipmasters and coastal authorities in cases of collisions, groundings, or distress calls at sea, prioritizing life-saving actions and environmental containment. To facilitate international trade and resolve cross-border conflicts, the Code explicitly defines choice-of-law rules and jurisdictional boundaries, providing clear guidance on which legal regime applies to torts, contractual obligations, and property disputes arising within Slovenian waters or involving Slovenian-flagged vessels.
斯洛文尼亚 · 2001-04-02