Rwanda’s Health Sector Policy translates the Government’s overall vision of development in the health sector, as set out in Vision 2020 and the Economic Development and Poverty Reduction Strategy (EDPRS II 2013-2018). The Health Sector Policy gives general orientations for the sector which are further developed in the various sub-sector policies guiding key health programs and departments. The overall objective of the health sector is to ensure universal accessibility (in geographical and financial terms) of equitable and affordable quality health services (preventative, curative, rehabilitative and promotional services) for all Rwandans. This overall objective will be attained through the full implementation of (1) the various programs, while strengthening (2) the various systems that will support them at (3) all levels of service delivery together with (4) the governance of the sector. The general objectives of the Policy are: improved demand, access and quality of essential health services (1); strengthen policies, resources and management mechanisms of health support systems to ensure optimal performance of the health programs (2); strengthen policies, resources and management mechanisms of health services delivery systems (3); and strengthen the Health Sector Governance mechanisms (4). The General Objective 1 refers to the improvement on access and quality of essential health services, such as: Maternal, Neonatal and Child Health; Family Planning and Reproductive Health; Nutrition Services; Communicable Diseases, Infectious Diseases Surveillance and Research (IDSR) and Disaster Preparedness and Response (DP&R). Both prevention and treatment and care services are included in these programs, as well as interventions aiming at improving important health determining factors, such as behavior change communication, promotion of adequate nutrition, environmental health and sanitation and access to safe water. To reduce mortality and morbidity linked to malnutrition, a multi-sector approach is implemented under the coordination of the Social cluster ministries. On the other hand, a Rwanda Food and Medicine Regulatory Authority will be established under Objective 2, to ensure availability and accessibility and product with quality and efficacy. In addition, General Objective 3 seeks to ensure quality interventions at community level. In that sense, continuous capacity-building of implementers and of the health staff involved in the community health program at central, district, and decentralized levels will be promoted. Moreover, one of the key orientations of the Policy is to provide sustainable services. To ensure the quality of services, the health system builds the capacity of people, communities and institutions. The idea of sustainable services also includes transparency. The vision of the Government of Rwanda set out in Vision 2020 is to guarantee the well being of the population by increasing production and reducing poverty within an environment of good governance. As part of this vision, the Rwandan Health Sector seeks to continually improve the health of the people of Rwanda, through coordinated interventions by all stakeholders at all levels, thereby enhancing the general well-being of the population and contributing to the reduction of poverty. In that sense, under Objective 3, the focus will be on the improvement of existing health facilities as well as development of the next level of health facilities to improve access of the general population to essential health services. Private investors and community initiatives will join with public leadership and resources to scale up this new level of health facility. Besides, the Policy acknowledges the importance of Traditional medicine, and prioritizes the establishment of safety standards of traditional medicines and set up all quality assurance mechanisms including quality control, registration and inspection of traditional medicines as well as the guidelines and protocols for local production of traditional medicines. Finally, regarding governance, the Ministry of Health is the main authority responsible for the strategy implementation.
卢旺达 · 2015-01-01