The document is a sectoral regulation for cultivating winter wheat for seed production, issued by the Scientific and Practical Center for Agriculture of the National Academy of Sciences. It defines optimal soil conditions, crop rotation principles, and soil preparation methods necessary for achieving target yields of 60–75 centners per hectare. The Regulation identifies suitable soil types (such as sod podzolic loams with pH ≥6.0 and sufficient nutrient content), lists the best and worst preceding crops, and provides detailed requirements for plowing, loosening, chiseling, and preparing a fine seedbed to ensure healthy early plant development. A substantial part of the Regulation lays out fertilization norms, including organic and mineral fertilizers, as well as formulas for calculating nutrient doses based on soil tests, planned yield, and nutrient uptake. It also covers seed preparation, mandating disinfectant treatments and minimum quality standards according to national norms. Detailed rules for sowing—including optimal dates for each region, seeding rates, drilling methods, uniform placement, and acceptable deviations—are provided to secure uniform crop establishment. Further sections address crop care, including weed control (with extensive tables of approved herbicides), pest and disease management (insecticides and fungicides), growth regulators, and nitrogen top dressing strategies. Finally, the Regulation describes in detail the requirements for harvesting, post harvest handling, drying, storage, and seed production schemes. It specifies when to harvest, which machinery to use, acceptable crop losses, and quality criteria for combine adjustments. Post harvest operations include multi-stage cleaning, drying regimes based on gluten strength, and strict rules for storage conditions such as grain temperature, moisture, and stack height. The document concludes with a technological cost chart summarizing labor, fuel, and equipment requirements for each stage, as well as appendices describing methods for assessing quality across all operations—from soil preparation to harvesting.
白俄罗斯 · 2010-01-01