The National Solid Waste Management Policy, 2079 (2022–2023) establishes a national framework for the sustainable and environmentally sound management of solid waste, with the overarching objective of safeguarding citizens’ right to live in a clean and healthy environment. The Policy seeks to guide legislation and standards governing waste generated by households, industries and the service sector; minimise environmental pollution and adverse effects on public health; clarify the respective responsibilities of federal, provincial and local governments; and encourage investment and the use of modern technologies in waste management. It promotes the classification of waste according to its nature, reduction at source, reuse, processing, recycling and composting, while treating waste as a potential resource capable of contributing to the economy. The Policy specifically addresses household, hazardous, chemical, industrial, healthcare, disaster-related and construction waste, and provides for differentiated management standards for these waste streams. It promotes sustainable disposal facilities, prohibits waste disposal in rivers, lakes, wetlands, wildlife habitats, protected areas and other specified public or environmentally sensitive locations, and seeks to prevent pollution of aquatic ecosystems. The Policy also encourages public-private partnerships, investment in waste-management infrastructure, research and technological development, waste-to-energy and organic fertiliser production, climate-change mitigation, occupational health and safety, public awareness, community participation, and the mainstreaming of gender equality and social inclusion. Responsibility for waste collection, treatment and disposal rests principally with local governments, while federal and provincial authorities perform policy, regulatory, coordination, research and infrastructure-related functions.
尼泊尔 · 2022-05-08